Der Burschen Herrlichkeit'? Viejas y nuevas formas de examinar la historia de los estudiantes universitarios alemanes (1810-1945). Un informe de investigación
| Autor | Matthias Stickler |
| Cargo | Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg |
| Páginas | 22-84 |
CIAN-Revista de Historia de las Universidades, 25/1 (2022), 22-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/cian.2022.6993
ISSN: 1988-8503 - www.uc3m.es/cian
“Der Burschen Herrlichkeit”? - Old and New Ways
of Examining the History of German University
Students (1810-1945). A Research Report
“Der Burschen Herrlichkeit”? - Viejas y nuevas formas
de examinar la historia de los estudiantes universitarios
alemanes (1810-1945). Un informe de investigación
Recibido:
Aceptado:
02/02/2022
10/05/2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/cian.2022.6993
Matthias Stickler*
Julius-Maximilians Universität Würzburg
Abstract: This research report at-
tempts to show the basic lines of student
history research in relation to the period
from to It is thus primarily con-
cerned with the period that is referred to in
uni-versity history research as the “classical
phase” (Peter Moraw). After an overview of
fundamental questions about the era, it gives
an overview of the history of student frater-
nities, whose importance cannot be overesti-
mated However since student history is not
limited to fraternity history, it then describes
the relationship between student and frater-
nity history since the th century as a kind
of elective afinity In this context particular
Resumen: Este informe de investiga-
ción intenta mostrar las líneas básicas de la
investigación de la historia de los estudiantes
en relación con el período de a Por
lo tanto, se ocupa principalmente del período
al que se hace referencia en la investigación
de la historia universitaria como la “fase clá-
sica” (Peter Moraw ). Después de un repaso
de las cuestiones fundamentales de la época,
da un repaso a la historia de las fraternidades
estudiantiles, cuya importancia no puede sub-
estimarse. Sin embargo, dado que la historia
del estudiante no se limita a la historia de la
fraternidad, describe la relación entre la histo-
ria del estudiante y la fraternidad desde el si-
*matthiasstickleruniwuerzburgde
23
CIAN, 25/1 (2022), 22-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/cian.2022.6993
“DER BURSCHEN HERRLICHKEIT”? - OLD AND NEW WAYS OF EXAMINING THE HISTORY
attention is paid to the not always easy rela-
tionship be-tween professional researchers
and laypersons interested in student history,
often members of stu-dent fraternities. The
following part is devoted to the “Sonderweg
theory” in student history, i.e., the thesis that
student fraternities were a particularly cha-
racteristic form of expression of the “German
Sonderweg”. Finally, the last part deals in de-
tail with more recent tendencies in student
historiography since the late s especia-
lly on Catholic student life, student violence,
Jewish students and anti-Semitism, as well
as female students and gender-historical
approaches. As an important desideratum,
genuine cultural aspects of student history
are identiied Nonetheless student history
has nowadays developed into a lourishing
branch of university history.
Key words: Germany, student history,
student fraternities, “student historians”, stu-
dent self-organization, university history.
glo XIX como una especie de ainidad electiva
En este contexto, se presta especial atención
a la relación no siempre fácil entre investiga-
dores profesionales y laicos interesados en la
historia estudiantil, a menudo miembros de
fraternidades estudiantiles. La siguiente par-
te está dedicada a la “teoría del Sonderweg”
en la histo-ria estudiantil, es decir, la tesis de
que las fraternidades estudiantiles fueron una
forma de expresión particularmente caracte-
rística del “Sonderweg alemán”. Finalmente,
la última parte trata en detalle las tendencias
más recientes en la historiograía estudian-
til desde ines de la década de espe
cialmente sobre la vida estudiantil católica, la
violencia estudiantil, los estudiantes judíos y el
anti-semitismo, así como las estudiantes y los
enfoques históricos de género. Como deside-
rátum importante se identiican los aspectos
culturales genuinos de la historia estudiantil.
No obstante, la historia estudiantil se ha con-
vertido hoy en día en una loreciente rama de
la historia universitaria.
Palabras clave: Alemania, historia
estudiantil, fraternidades estudiantiles, “es-
tudiantes historiadores”, organización estu-
diantil, historia universitaria.
Fundamentals
A major turning point in the history of German universities and of their stu-
dents was at the turn of the th to the th century.1 Universities underwent
a transition from being traditional corporations to becoming organizations
mediated by a constitutional state However these organizations still pos-
sessed a signiicant number of rights in terms of selfadministration and
were well-equipped public bodies, which then later changed into modern
research and teaching universities.2 This transition had a substantial effect
on the legal status, the self-perception, and the cultural practices of stu-
The title of this essay uses a quote from the famous German student song “Oh alte Burs-
chenherrlichkeit which can roughly be translated into The good ol days probably writ-
ten in
Matthias Asche and Stefan Gerber, “Universität,” in Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit Online. Con-
sulted online on January First published online
24
CIAN, 25/1 (2022), 22-84. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20318/cian.2022.6993
MATTHIAS STICKLER
dents.3 The PrussianGerman university model later named after Wilhelm
von Humboldt began in at the University of Berlin This model then
spread throughout the entire Germanspeaking world large parts of Eas-
tern and Southern Europe and it also inluenced university systems outsi-
de of Europe, for instance, in the United States of America. This transition
had two major consequences for students irst students who had been an
integral part of the university corporation and who had legal participation
status and rights were suddenly excluded from the decisionmaking pro-
cess. Thus, students became, in essence, only “users” of the academic insti-
tution although they continued to be awarded a historical and romanticized
“Akademisches Bürgerrecht” (academic civil rights). Secondly, through this
process, students also gained some freedom, especially due to the so-called
“Humboldtsche Lücke Humboldtian Gap5 which meant that universities
voluntarily gave up their right to supervise students’ behavior. This newly
gained freedom enabled students to organize and regulate their social lives
much more freely than in the English colleges of the time. Nevertheless, the
closely related idea of the complete freedom students enjoyed, called “Burs
chenfreiheit”, was in no way new,6 as was the case of other types of student
deviance. This idea of student debauchery was often repeated and beca-
me idealized in the collective memory However students deviant behavior
took on a different character in the th century. The reason for this is that
after the Enlightenment and in light of the French Revolution, German stu-
Julian Kümmerle Student Enzyklopädie der Neuzeit Online. Consulted online on 12 Ja-
nuary First published online
Research on the socalled Humboldt University has become very differentiated in the
last 25 years, also in an international context. See especially the following two volumes: Rai-
ner C. Schwinges, ed., Humboldt International Der Export des deutschen Universitätsmodells
im und Jahrhundert Basel Schwabe Sylvia Paletschek Die permanente Erin
dung einer Tradition Die Universität Tübingen im Kaiserreich und in der Weimarer Republik
(Stuttgart: Steiner, 2001).
Friedrich Schaffstein, Wilhelm von Humboldt Ein Lebensbild FrankfurtMain Kloster-
mann
Ulrich Rasche, “Cornelius relegatus und die Disziplinierung der deutschen Studenten
bis frühes Jahrhundert Zugleich ein Beitrag zur Ikonologie studentischer Memoria
in Frühneuzeitliche Universitätskulturen Kulturhistorische Perspektiven auf die Hochschulen
in Europa ed Barbara KrugRichter and RuthE Mohrmann KölnWeimarWien Böhlau
Marian Füssel Devianz als Norm Studentische Gewalt und akademische Freiheit in Co-
logne im und Jahrhundert Westfälische Forschungen and Riten
der Gewalt Zur Geschichte der akademischen Deposition und des Pennalismus in der frühen
Neuzeit,” Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung
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